references:

wsl:

windows terminal:

install

  • hyper-v

    > Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Hyper-V -All

  • wsl

    > wsl --install
Installing: Virtual Machine Platform
Virtual Machine Platform has been installed.
Installing: Windows Subsystem for Linux
Windows Subsystem for Linux has been installed.
Installing: Windows Subsystem for Linux
Windows Subsystem for Linux has been installed.
Installing: Ubuntu
Ubuntu has been installed.
The requested operation is successful. Changes will not be effective until the system is rebooted.
    wsl install
    1.2.2.2.1 -- wsl install

    • more

      > wsl --list --online

# or
> wsl --install -d <DistroName>

  • reset

    [!NOTE|label:references:]

    > wsl --unregister <DistributionName>

# or
> wslconfig /unregister <DistributionName>

  • Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux

    > dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all /norestart

Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool
Version: 10.0.19041.844

Image Version: 10.0.19044.2604

Enabling feature(s)
[==========================100.0%==========================]
The operation completed successfully.
    • or
      > Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux

  • VirtualMachinePlatform

    > dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /all /norestart

Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool
Version: 10.0.19041.844

Image Version: 10.0.19044.2604

Enabling feature(s)
[==========================100.0%==========================]
The operation completed successfully.

  • set version to 2

    > wsl --set-default-version 2
This application requires the Windows Subsystem for Linux Optional Component.
The system may need to be restarted so the changes can take effect.

upgrade

[!NOTE|label:references:]

> Get-AppxPackage |? { $_.Name -like "*WindowsSubsystemforLinux*" }
Name              : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux
Publisher         : CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US
Architecture      : X64
ResourceId        :
Version           : 2.0.9.0
PackageFullName   : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_2.0.9.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe
InstallLocation   : C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_2.0.9.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe
IsFramework       : False
PackageFamilyName : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_8wekyb3d8bbwe
PublisherId       : 8wekyb3d8bbwe
IsResourcePackage : False
IsBundle          : False
IsDevelopmentMode : False
NonRemovable      : False
IsPartiallyStaged : False
SignatureKind     : Store
Status            : Ok

> wsl --update
Checking for updates.
Updating Windows Subsystem for Linux to version: 2.0.14.

> Get-AppxPackage |? { $_.Name -like "*WindowsSubsystemforLinux*" }
Name              : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux
Publisher         : CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US
Architecture      : X64
ResourceId        :
Version           : 2.0.14.0
PackageFullName   : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_2.0.14.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe
InstallLocation   : C:\Program
                    Files\WindowsApps\MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_2.0.14.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe
IsFramework       : False
PackageFamilyName : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_8wekyb3d8bbwe
PublisherId       : 8wekyb3d8bbwe
IsResourcePackage : False
IsBundle          : False
IsDevelopmentMode : False
NonRemovable      : False
IsPartiallyStaged : False
SignatureKind     : Developer
Status            : Ok

  • update to pre-release version

    > wsl --update --pre-release
Checking for updates.
Updating Windows Subsystem for Linux to version: 2.1.3.

> Get-AppxPackage |? { $_.Name -like "*WindowsSubsystemforLinux*" }
Name              : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux
Publisher         : CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US
Architecture      : X64
ResourceId        :
Version           : 2.0.14.0
PackageFullName   : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_2.0.14.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe
InstallLocation   : C:\Program
                    Files\WindowsApps\MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_2.0.14.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe
IsFramework       : False
PackageFamilyName : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_8wekyb3d8bbwe
PublisherId       : 8wekyb3d8bbwe
IsResourcePackage : False
IsBundle          : False
IsDevelopmentMode : False
NonRemovable      : False
IsPartiallyStaged : False
SignatureKind     : Developer
Status            : Ok

start up WSL

  • download

    > cd d:\Linux
> Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://wsldownload.azureedge.net/Ubuntu_2004.2020.424.0_x64.appx -OutFile Ubuntu20.04.appx -UseBasicParsing

  • rename

    > Rename-Item .\Ubuntu20.04.appx Ubuntu.zip
> Expand-Archive .\Ubuntu.zip -Verbose
> cd .\Ubuntu\
> .\ubuntu2004.exe

init

> Restart-Computer
wsl init
1.2.2.2.2 -- wsl init

check

  • windows feature

    • appwiz.cpl

      appwiz.cpl
      1.2.2.2.3 -- appwiz.cpl

    • windows features

      > Get-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online | Where-Object {$_.State -eq "Enabled"} | format-table

FeatureName                                   State
-----------                                   -----
WCF-Services45                              Enabled
WCF-TCP-PortSharing45                       Enabled
MediaPlayback                               Enabled
SmbDirect                                   Enabled
MSRDC-Infrastructure                        Enabled
MicrosoftWindowsPowerShellV2Root            Enabled
MicrosoftWindowsPowerShellV2                Enabled
NetFx4-AdvSrvs                              Enabled
Printing-PrintToPDFServices-Features        Enabled
Printing-XPSServices-Features               Enabled
SearchEngine-Client-Package                 Enabled
WorkFolders-Client                          Enabled
Internet-Explorer-Optional-amd64            Enabled
Windows-Defender-Default-Definitions        Enabled
Printing-Foundation-Features                Enabled
Printing-Foundation-InternetPrinting-Client Enabled
Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux           Enabled
VirtualMachinePlatform                      Enabled
Microsoft-Hyper-V-All                       Enabled
Microsoft-Hyper-V                           Enabled
Microsoft-Hyper-V-Tools-All                 Enabled
Microsoft-Hyper-V-Management-PowerShell     Enabled
Microsoft-Hyper-V-Hypervisor                Enabled
Microsoft-Hyper-V-Services                  Enabled
Microsoft-Hyper-V-Management-Clients        Enabled
      windows feature check
      1.2.2.2.4 -- windows feature check

reinstall

uninstall

[!NOTE|label:references:]

  • destroy distros

    > wsl --unregister all

# or
> wsl --unregister Ubuntu-22.04
> wsl --unregister Ubuntu
...

# if wsl hung, execute following cmd first
> taskkill /f /im wslservice.exe

  • uninstall in Settings > Apps > Installed apps

    • Ubuntu
    • Ubuntu-22.04.3 LTS
    uninstall apps
    1.2.2.2.5 -- uninstall apps

  • disable in Start Menu > Turn Windows Features on or off

    • Virtual Machine Platform
    • Windows Subsystem for Linux

    • or via

      > Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName VirtualMachinePlatform
> Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux
# or
> DISM /online /disable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /norestart
> DISM /online /disable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /norestart

# check status
> Get-Service vmcompute
Status   Name               DisplayName
------   ----               -----------
Running  vmcompute          Hyper-V Host Compute Service
      manual disable windows features
      1.2.2.2.6 -- manual disable windows features

  • reboot

    > Restart-Computer

  • others:

    > Dism /online /cleanup-image /restorehealth
> sfc /scannow

reinstall

> Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName VirtualMachinePlatform
> Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux
> Restart-Computer
> wsl --install --distribution Ubuntu

cmds

[!NOTE|label:references:]

  • Basic commands for WSL
  • commands:
    • wsl --update
    • wsl --version
    • wsl --list --running
    • wsl --shutdown
    • wsl hostname -i
    • wsl -d ubuntu
      • wsl -d Debian -u root

status

  • check status

    > wsl --status
> wsl --list --verbose

> wsl --list --verbose
  NAME            STATE           VERSION
* Ubuntu-22.04    Stopped         1
  Ubuntu          Running         2

  • set wsl version

    • set default version

      > wsl --set-default-version <Version>

# i.e.:
> wsl --set-default-version 2

    • set distros

      > wsl --set-version <distribution name> <versionNumber>

# i.e.:
> wsl --set-version Ubuntu 2

users

  • run as root

    > wsl --distribution <Distribution Name> --user <User Name>

# i.e.:
> wsl --distribution Ubuntu-22.04 --user root

  • config default user

    > <DistributionName> config --default-user <Username>

# i.e.:
> Ubuntu-22.04 config --default-user root

shutdown

  • shutdown and terminate

    > wsl --shutdown
> wsl --terminate <Distribution Name>

  • unregister

    > wsl --unregister <DistributionName>

disk

  • export and import

    # export
> wsl --export <Distribution Name> <FileName>
# for wsl2 to .vhdx
> wsl --export <Distribution Name> --vhd <FileName>

# import
> wsl --import <Distribution Name> <InstallLocation> <FileName> [ --version 1/2 ]
# for wsl2
> wsl --import <Distribution Name> <InstallLocation> --vhd <FileName> [ --version 1/2 ]

# import a distribution
> wsl --import-in-place <Distribution Name> <FileName>

  • mount

    > wsl --mount <DiskPath>

# for wsl2
> wsl --mount <DiskPath> --vhd
> wsl --unmount <DiskPath>

debug

[!NOTE|label:references:]

  • dump log

    > Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/microsoft/WSL/master/diagnostics/collect-wsl-logs.ps1" -OutFile collect-wsl-logs.ps1
> Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force
> .\collect-wsl-logs.ps1 -Dump

  • host info

    • powershell

      > echo $PSVersionTable
Name                           Value
----                           -----
PSVersion                      7.4.1
PSEdition                      Core
GitCommitId                    7.4.1
OS                             Microsoft Windows 10.0.22621
Platform                       Win32NT
PSCompatibleVersions           {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0…}
PSRemotingProtocolVersion      2.3
SerializationVersion           1.1.0.1
WSManStackVersion              3.0

    • host network

      > Get-Service -Name 'Host Network Service'
Status   Name               DisplayName
------   ----               -----------
Running  hns                Host Network Service

  • packages

    > winget --info

features

[!NOTE|label:list windows features:]

> Get-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online | Where-Object {$_.State -eq "Enabled"} | format-table

  • VirtualMachinePlatform

    # enable
> Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName VirtualMachinePlatform
# or
> DISM /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /norestart

# disable
> Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName VirtualMachinePlatform
# or
> DISM /online /disable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /norestart

  • Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux

    # enable
> Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux
# or
> DISM /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /norestart

# disable
> Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux
# or
> DISM /online /disable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /norestart

  • hyper-v

    [!NOTE|label:references:]

    # enable
> Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Hyper-V -All
# or
> DISM /Online /Enable-Feature /All /FeatureName:Microsoft-Hyper-V-All
> DISM /Online /Enable-Feature /All /FeatureName:Microsoft-Hyper-V

# disable
> Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Hyper-V -All
# or
> DISM /Online /Enable-Feature /All /FeatureName:Microsoft-Hyper-V
> DISM /Online /Enable-Feature /All /FeatureName:Microsoft-Hyper-V-All
# win10
> Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Hyper-V-Hypervisor

services

  • Host Network Service

    > Get-Service -Name 'Host Network Service' | Restart-Service

  • wslservices

    # restart wslservice
> net stop wslservice
> net start wslservice

# if wsl hung, execute following cmd first
> taskkill /f /im wslservice.exe

  • winsock

    [!NOTE|label:references:]

    > netsh winsock reset

# reset tcp/ip settings
> netsh int ip reset

others

  • mount

    # /mnt/c
$ cat /etc/wsl.conf
[automount]
root=/

# mount usb ( i.e.: F: )
$ sudo mkdir /mnt/f
$ sudo mount -t drvfs H: /mnt/f

# mount dvd ( i.e.: G )
$ sudo mkdir /mnt/g
$ sudo mount -t drvfs G: /mnt/g

  • wsl files stored

    [!NOTE|label:references:]

    > cd %USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Packages\[distro name]

REM i.e.:
> %LOCALAPPDATA%\Packages\CanonicalGroupLimited.Ubuntu18.04onWindows_79rhkp1fndgsc\LocalState\rootfs\home\pawelb.

q&a

Error: 0x80040326

  • issue

    Error: 0x80040326
Error code: Wsl/Service/CreateInstance/0x80040326
    0x80040326
    1.2.2.2.7 -- 0x80040326

  • solution

    # start powershell with administrator

> wsl --update
Checking for updates.
Updating Windows Subsystem for Linux...
> wsl --shutdown
> wsl -d ubuntu
To run a command as administrator (user "root"), use "sudo <command>".
See "man sudo_root" for details.
    0x80040326
    1.2.2.2.8 -- 0x80040326

Error 4294967295

[!NOTE|label:references:]

> netsh winsock reset

# disable
> DISM /online /disable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /norestart
> DISM /online /disable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /norestart

# restart
> Restart-Computer

# enable
> DISM /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /norestart
> DISM /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /norestart
  • check vmcompute
    > Get-Service vmcompute

run-detectors: unable to find an interpreter

[!INFO|label:references:]

# execute in wsl2
sudo update-binfmts --disable cli
  • more
    $ mount | grep binfmt_misc
binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,relatime)

tip

> set "PATH=%ConEmuBaseDirShort%\wsl;%PATH%" & %ConEmuBaseDirShort%\conemu-cyg-64.exe --wsl -cur_console:pm:/mnt

  • enable windows programe in wsl

    $ cat /etc/wsl.conf
[interop]
enabled=false

  • append windows path

    • via regedit

      > REG ADD "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Lxss" /v AppendNtPath /t REG_DWORD /d 0x00000000

    • via wsl.conf

      $ cat /etc/wsl.conf
[interop]
appendWindowsPath=false

isWsl or isUbuntu

[!TIP]

  • uname -r

    $ uname -r | grep -q "Microsoft"

  • /proc/sys/kernel/osrelease or /proc/version

    $ cat /proc/version
Linux version 5.15.133.1-microsoft-standard-WSL2 (root@1c602f52c2e4) (gcc (GCC) 11.2.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.37) #1 SMP Thu Oct 5 21:02:42 UTC 2023

$ cat /proc/sys/kernel/osrelease
5.15.133.1-microsoft-standard-WSL2

enable nvim clipboard

$ sudo apt install xclip
$ nvim
:checkhealth

enable vim clipboard

[!NOTE|label:references:]

$ sudo apt-get install vim-gtk
$ vim --version | grep clipboard
+clipboard         +keymap            +printer           +vertsplit
+eval              -mouse_jsbterm     -sun_workshop      +xterm_clipboard

# or
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jonathonf/vim
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install vim

  • vimrc

    set clipboard=unnamed
set clipboard=unnamedplus

" or
set clipboard^=unnamed
set clipboard^=unnamedplus

wsl.conf

[!NOTE|label:references:]

  • /etc/wsl.conf

    [boot]
systemd=true

[network]
generateResolvConf = false

[automount]
enable = true
mountFsTab = true
options = "metadata,umask=22,fmask=11"

[interop]
enable = false
appendWindowsPath = false

  • %USERPROFILE%\.wslconfig

    # Settings apply across all Linux distros running on WSL 2
[wsl2]

# Limits VM memory to use no more than 4 GB, this can be set as whole numbers using GB or MB
memory=4GB

# Sets the VM to use two virtual processors
processors=4

# Specify a custom Linux kernel to use with your installed distros. The default kernel used can be found at https://github.com/microsoft/WSL2-Linux-Kernel
# kernel=C:\\temp\\myCustomKernel

# Sets additional kernel parameters, in this case enabling older Linux base images such as Centos 6
$ kernelCommandLine = vsyscall=emulate

# Sets amount of swap storage space to 8GB, default is 25% of available RAM
swap=4GB

# Sets swapfile path location, default is %USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Temp\swap.vhdx
swapfile=C:\\temp\\wsl-swap.vhdx

# Disable page reporting so WSL retains all allocated memory claimed from Windows and releases none back when free
pageReporting=false

# Turn off default connection to bind WSL 2 localhost to Windows localhost
localhostforwarding=true

# Disables nested virtualization
nestedVirtualization=false

# Turns off output console showing contents of dmesg when opening a WSL 2 distro for debugging
debugConsole=false

# Enable experimental features
[experimental]
sparseVhd=true

  • restart wsl

    > wsl --list --running
Windows Subsystem for Linux Distributions:
Ubuntu (Default)
Ubuntu-22.04

> wsl --shutdown

  • setup default bash

    [!NOTE|label:references:]

    $ echo $SHELL
/bin/bash
# for current account
$ chsh -s /usr/bin/bash
# for root
$ sudo chsh -s /usr/bin/bash
$ exit

# re-login
$ echo $SHELL
/usr/bin/bash
# verify in /etc/passwd

Get list of all WSL distributions, their locations, and sizes

[!NOTE|label:references:]

Get-ChildItem "HKCU:\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Lxss" -Recurse |
ForEach-Object {
    $distro_name = ($_ | Get-ItemProperty -Name DistributionName).DistributionName
    $distro_dir =  ($_ | Get-ItemProperty -Name BasePath).BasePath

    $distro_dir = Switch ($PSVersionTable.PSEdition) {
      "Core" {
        $distro_dir -replace '^\\\\\?\\',''
      }
      "Desktop" {
        if ($distro_dir.StartsWith('\\?\')) {
            $distro_dir
        } else {
            '\\?\' + $distro_dir
        }
      }
    }
    Write-Output "------------------------------"
    Write-Output "Distribution: $distro_name"
    Write-Output "Directory: $($distro_dir -replace '\\\\\?\\','')"
    $distro_size = "{0:N0} MB" -f ((Get-ChildItem -Recurse -LiteralPath "$distro_dir" | Measure-Object -Property Length -sum).sum / 1Mb)
    Write-Output "Size: $distro_size"
}

recover data

[!NOTE|label:references:]

Get-ChildItem HKCU:\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Lxss\ |
    ForEach-Object {
        (Get-ItemProperty $_.PSPATH) | Select-Object DistributionName,BasePath
    } | Format-List
  • mount
    $ mount -o ro /dev/sdx /mnt/wsl-rescue

release disk space

[!NOTE|label:references:]

> wsl --shutdown
> optimize-vhd -Path .\ext4.vhdx -Mode full

  • another

    > wsl --shutdown
# open window Diskpart
> diskpart
> select vdisk file="C:\WSL-Distros\…\ext4.vhdx"
> attach vdisk readonly
> compact vdisk
> detach vdisk
> exit

  • or via .wslconf

    [wsl2]
memory=6GB
swap=6GB

[experimental]
autoMemoryReclaim=dropcache
sparseVhd=true

  • or

    > wsl --manage Ubuntu --set-sparse false
Copyright © marslo 2020-2023 all right reserved，powered by GitbookLast Modified: 2024-03-12 15:01:28

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