rpm & dpkg & brew

[!NOTE|label:references:]

RPM DPKG BREW
rpm -qa dpkg -l brew list
rpm -ql sofrwareanme dpkg -L name
dpkg --listfiles name
dpkg-qurery -L name
apt-file list name
brew list name
brew ls --verbose name
rpm -qf /path/to/file
yum whatprovides /path/to/file
dpkg -S /path/to/file
apt-file search /path/to/file
brew which-formula name
rpm -qip pkgfile.rpm
rpm -qlp pkgfile.rpm
dpkg -l pkgfile.deb
dpkg -c pkgfile.deb
rpm -q name
rpm -qi name
dpkg -l name
dpkg -s name
dpkg -p name
brew info name
rpm -e name dpkg -r name
dpkg -P name
brew uninstall name
dnf --showduplicates <name> apt-cache madison <name> -

[!NOTE|label:references:]

apt

[!TIP|label:download deb only]

apt.conf

$ cat /etc/apt/apt.conf
Acquire::http::Proxy "http://161.91.27.236:8080";
Acquire::https::Proxy "http://161.91.27.236:8080";
Acquire::ftp::Proxy "http://161.91.27.236:8080";

$ cat /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/99ignoresave
Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently:: "(.save|.distupgrade)$";
Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently:: "\.gz$";
Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently:: "\.save$";
Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently:: "\.distUpgrade$";
Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently:: "\.list_$";

necessary packages and dependencies

$ sudo apt --list upgradable
$ sudo apt upgrade
$ sudo apt install sysv-rc-conf tree dos2unix iptables-persistent mailutils policycoreutils build-essential landscape-common gcc g++ make cmake

disable

package auto-upgrade disable

$ sudo sed -i 's/Prompt=.*/Prompt=never/' /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades
$ sudo sed -i 's/"1"/"0"/' /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10periodic
$ sudo sed -i 's/"1"/"0"/' /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20auto-upgrades

disable server auto upgrade

# dpkg --list | grep jenkins
ii  jenkins                            2.19.4                             all          Jenkins monitors executions of repeated jobs, such as building a software
# echo "jenkins hold" | dpkg --set-selections
OR
# apt-mark hold jenkins
# dpkg --list | grep jenkins
hi  jenkins                            2.19.4                             all          Jenkins monitors executions of repeated jobs, such as building a software

revert hold settings

$ sudo echo "jenkins install" | dpkg --set-selections
# OR
$ sudo apt-mark unhold jenkins

show all hold

$ sudo apt-mark showhold

complete remove an app

$ sudo systemctl stop mysql
$ sudo apt-get --purge autoremove mysql*
$ sudo apt-get autoclean
$ sudo apt --purge autoremove mysql*
$ sudo apt autoclean
$ sudo apt list --installed | grep mysql
$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/debian-*.flag
$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
$ sudo rm -rf /etc/mysql

keyring

[!NOTE]

apt-key

$ apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 54404762BBB6E853
# or
$ apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 54404762BBB6E853

curl

[!NOTE|label:references:]

#                                                                0x<PUBKEY>
#                                                                v
$ curl -sL "http://keyserver.ubuntu.com/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x112696A0E562B32A" | sudo apt-key add
$ curl -sL "http://keyserver.ubuntu.com/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x54404762BBB6E853" | sudo apt-key add
  • or manually download

    $ cat armored-keys.asc | sudo apt-key add
    
    manual download keyring
    1.8.7.1.1 -- manual download keyring

gpg keys

[!NOTE|label:references:]

gpg

$ gpg --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 3FA7E0328081BFF6A14DA29AA6A19B38D3D831EF
  • more options

    $ gpg --ignore-time-conflict \
          --no-options \
          --no-default-keyring \
          --homedir /tmp/tmp.Hrb5ETPac2 \
          --no-auto-check-trustdb \
          --trust-model always \
          --keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg \
          --primary-keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg \
          --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com \
          --recv-keys 3FA7E0328081BFF6A14DA29AA6A19B38D3D831EF
    
  • or install keyring via apt-key

    $ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 112695A0E562B32A
    

Ghostbird/add-repository

$ ./add-repository "https://keyserver.ubuntu.com/pks/lookup?search=0x3fa7e0328081bff6a14da29aa6a19b38d3d831ef&op=get" "deb https://download.mono-project.com/repo/debian stable-buster main" mono-official-stable.list

openmediavault-keyring

$ cd /tmp
$ sudo wget https://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/o/openmediavault-keyring/openmediavault-keyring_1.0.2-2_all.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i openmediavault-keyring
$ sudo apt-get update

others

# dockerfile
RUN apt install -y gnupg ca-certificates
RUN gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv 3FA7E0328081BFF6A14DA29AA6A19B38D3D831EF
RUN gpg --export 3FA7E0328081BFF6A14DA29AA6A19B38D3D831EF | tee /usr/share/keyrings/mono.gpg >/dev/null
RUN gpg --batch --yes --delete-keys 3FA7E0328081BFF6A14DA29AA6A19B38D3D831EF
RUN echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/mono.gpg] https://download.mono-project.com/repo/debian stable-buster main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mono-official-stable.list
RUN apt update
RUN apt install -y mono-devel

apt-cache

get package name by command

$ apt-cache search mkpasswd
whois - intelligent WHOIS client
libstring-mkpasswd-perl - Perl module implementing a random password generator

search package name for apt-get

$ sudo apt-cache search chrome browser
chromium-browser - Chromium browser
chromium-chromedriver - WebDriver driver for the Chromium Browser
cloudprint - Server for Google Cloud Print
collabtive - Web-based project management software
epiphany-browser - Intuitive GNOME web browser
jsxgraph - Interactive Geometry with JavaScript
kpartsplugin - Netscape-compatible plugin to embed KDE file-viewers into browser
libjs-excanvas - HTML5 Canvas for Internet Explorer
libjs-jquery-jplayer - HTML5 Audio & Video for jQuery with a Flash fallback
libjs-jquery-jush - jQuery Syntax Highlighter
google-chrome-beta - The web browser from Google
google-chrome-stable - The web browser from Google
google-chrome-unstable - The web browser from Google

trouble shooting

yum/dnf

[!NOTE|label:references:]

repo

[!NOTE]

  • CentOS Repositories
  • CentOS Stream Mirror
  • 8.4. Configuring Yum and Yum Repositories
  • variables in repo files

    # centos 8
    $ /usr/libexec/platform-python -c 'import dnf, json; db = dnf.dnf.Base(); print(json.dumps(db.conf.substitutions, indent=2))'
    {
      "arch": "x86_64",
      "basearch": "x86_64",
      "releasever": "8"
    }
    
    # centos 7
    $ python -c 'import yum, json; yb = yum.YumBase(); print json.dumps(yb.conf.yumvar, indent=2)'
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, versionlock
    {
      "uuid": "512cdde3-4de7-47af-a2fd-6b4e6d711b12",
      "contentdir": "centos",
      "basearch": "x86_64",
      "infra": "stock",
      "releasever": "7",
      "arch": "ia32e"
    }
    
    # or
    $ dnf config-manager --dump-variables
    arch = x86_64
    basearch = x86_64
    stream = 9-stream
    releasever = 8
    
$ sudo dnf install -y https://mirror.stream.centos.org/9-stream/BaseOS/aarch64/os/Packages/centos-gpg-keys-9.0-23.el9.noarch.rpm \
                      https://mirror.stream.centos.org/9-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/centos-stream-repos-9.0-23.el9.noarch.rpm
  • i.e.:

    $ sudo cat << EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo
    [baseos]
    name=CentOS Stream $releasever - BaseOS
    metalink=https://mirrors.centos.org/metalink?repo=centos-baseos-$stream&arch=$basearch&protocol=https,http
    gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
    gpgcheck=1
    repo_gpgcheck=0
    metadata_expire=6h
    countme=1
    enabled=1
    EOF
    
    $ dnf --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=baseos reinstall centos-stream-repos
    

check configure

$ dnf config-manager --dump

check variable

[!NOTE]

$ dnf config-manager --dump-variables
arch = x86_64
basearch = x86_64
contentdir = centos
infra = stock
stream = 8-stream
releasever = 8

# or
$ /usr/libexec/platform-python -c 'import dnf, json; db = dnf.dnf.Base(); print(json.dumps(db.conf.substitutions, indent=2))'
{
  "arch": "x86_64",
  "basearch": "x86_64",
  "releasever": "8"
}

# or
$ cat /etc/yum/vars/*
       File: /etc/yum/vars/contentdir
   1   centos
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
       File: /etc/yum/vars/infra
   1   stock
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
       File: /etc/yum/vars/stream
   1   8-stream

install via different releasever

$ dnf -y --releasever=9 --allowerasing --setopt=deltarpm=false swap python39-setuptools python3-setuptools

enable or disable repo

# enable
$ sudo yum config-manager --set-enabled PowerTools

# disable
$ sudo yum config-manager --set-disabled PowerTools

cache

# clean
$ sudo dnf clean all [ --refresh ]

# makecache
$ sudo dnf makecache

cleanup no-required packages

$ sudo package-cleanup --leaves
$ sudo package-cleanup --orphans

yum group

$ yum grouplist
$ yum group hidden
$ yum groupinfo <groupName>
$ yum groupinstall <groupName>
$ yum groupupdate <groupName>
$ yum groupremove <groupName>

tools installation

[!TIP|label:convert CentOS repo file in RHEL]

$ sudo sed -i 's/\$contentdir/centos/' /etc/yum.repo.d/*.repo
  • CentOS through a VM - no URLs in mirrorlist [closed]
    $ sed -i 's/mirrorlist/#mirrorlist/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-*
    $ sed -i 's|#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org|baseurl=http://vault.centos.org|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-*
    $
    $ sudo dnf install centos-release-stream -y
    $ sudo dnf swap centos-{linux,stream}-repos -y
    $ sudo dnf distro-sync -y
    
  • epel

    [!TIP|label:references:]

    # install from url
    # centos 7
    $ sudo dnf [re]install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
    # centos 8
    $ sudo dnf [re]install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm
    # centos 9
    $ sudo dnf [re]install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-9.noarch.rpm
    
    # install via cmd
    $ sudo yum [re]install -y epel-release yum-utils
    # or
    $ sudo dnf config-manager --set-enabled powertools
    $ sudo dnf install -y epel-release epel-next-release
    
    • info

      $ cat /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
      [epel]
      name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - $basearch
      # It is much more secure to use the metalink, but if you wish to use a local mirror
      # place its address here.
      #baseurl=https://download.example/pub/epel/8/Everything/$basearch
      metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-8&arch=$basearch&infra=$infra&content=centos
      enabled=1
      gpgcheck=1
      countme=1
      gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-8
      
      $ dnf repoinfo epel
      Repo-id            : epel
      Repo-name          : Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64
      Repo-status        : enabled
      Repo-revision      : 1697078836
      Repo-updated       : Wed 11 Oct 2023 07:48:01 PM PDT
      Repo-pkgs          : 9,872
      Repo-available-pkgs: 9,870
      Repo-size          : 17 G
      Repo-metalink      : https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-8&arch=x86_64&infra=$infra&content=centos
        Updated          : Thu 12 Oct 2023 05:16:56 PM PDT
      Repo-baseurl       : https://mirrors.iu13.net/epel/8/Everything/x86_64/ (153 more)
      Repo-expire        : 172,800 second(s) (last: Thu 12 Oct 2023 05:16:56 PM PDT)
      Repo-filename      : /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
      Total packages: 9,872
      
      $ dnf repoinfo epel-next
      Last metadata expiration check: 0:10:35 ago on Wed 13 Dec 2023 03:48:24 PM PST.
      Repo-id            : epel-next
      Repo-name          : Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - Next - x86_64
      Repo-status        : enabled
      Repo-revision      : 1693098199
      Repo-updated       : Sat 26 Aug 2023 06:03:39 PM PDT
      Repo-pkgs          : 40
      Repo-available-pkgs: 40
      Repo-size          : 87 M
      Repo-metalink      : https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-next-8&arch=x86_64&infra=$infra&content=$contentdir
        Updated          : Wed 13 Dec 2023 03:48:22 PM PST
      Repo-baseurl       : http://mirrors.wcupa.edu/epel/next/8/Everything/x86_64/ (126 more)
      Repo-expire        : 172,800 second(s) (last: Wed 13 Dec 2023 03:48:22 PM PST)
      Repo-filename      : /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-next.repo
      Total packages: 40
      
      $ dnf repoinfo epel-modular
      Last metadata expiration check: 0:11:06 ago on Wed 13 Dec 2023 03:48:24 PM PST.
      Repo-id            : epel-modular
      Repo-name          : Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux Modular 8 - x86_64 - RETIRED
      Repo-status        : enabled
      Repo-revision      : 1663033591
      Repo-updated       : Mon 12 Sep 2022 06:46:46 PM PDT
      Repo-pkgs          : 290
      Repo-available-pkgs: 0
      Repo-size          : 835 M
      Repo-metalink      : https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-modular-8&arch=x86_64&infra=$infra&content=centos
        Updated          : Wed 13 Dec 2023 03:48:21 PM PST
      Repo-baseurl       : http://opencolo.mm.fcix.net/epel/8/Modular/x86_64/ (189 more)
      Repo-expire        : 172,800 second(s) (last: Wed 13 Dec 2023 03:48:21 PM PST)
      Repo-filename      : /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-modular.repo
      Total packages: 290
      
    • We can workaround this by replacing the $releasever variable with 8

      $ sudo sed -i 's/$releasever/8/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel*.repo
      
      # Same problem, RHEL 8.2 on Azure.
      $ sed -i.bak 's/\$releasever/8/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel*.repo
      
    • list only epel supported

      $ dnf --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="epel" list available
      
  • moreutils

    [!NOTE|label:references:]

    $ dnf install epel-release -y
    $ dnf --enablerepo=powertools install moreutils -y
    
  • check what's package repo can provide

    $ dnf repository-packages epel list
    

resolve conflict

[!NOTE|label:references:]

  • issue

    $ sudo dnf update --refresh
    CentOS Linux 8 - BaseOS                                                                 15 kB/s | 3.9 kB     00:00
    CentOS Linux 8 - Extras                                                                 14 kB/s | 1.5 kB     00:00
    Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64                                          50 kB/s |  22 kB     00:00
    jfrog-cli                                                                              3.9 kB/s | 1.4 kB     00:00
    mono-centos8-stable                                                                     20 kB/s | 2.9 kB     00:00
    Error:
     Problem 1: cannot install both authselect-1.2.2-3.el8.x86_64 and authselect-1.1-2.el8.x86_64
      - package authselect-compat-1.1-2.el8.x86_64 requires authselect(x86-64) = 1.1-2.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package authselect-1.1-2.el8.x86_64
      - problem with installed package authselect-compat-1.1-2.el8.x86_64
     Problem 2: cannot install both cups-libs-1:2.2.6-40.el8.x86_64 and cups-libs-1:2.2.6-28.el8.x86_64
      - package cups-client-1:2.2.6-28.el8.x86_64 requires cups-libs(x86-64) = 1:2.2.6-28.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package cups-libs-1:2.2.6-28.el8.x86_64
      - problem with installed package cups-client-1:2.2.6-28.el8.x86_64
     Problem 3: cannot install both dbus-daemon-1:1.12.8-14.el8.x86_64 and dbus-daemon-1:1.12.8-9.el8.x86_64
      - package dbus-x11-1:1.12.8-9.el8.x86_64 requires dbus-daemon = 1:1.12.8-9.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package dbus-daemon-1:1.12.8-9.el8.x86_64
      - problem with installed package dbus-x11-1:1.12.8-9.el8.x86_64
     Problem 4: cannot install both libgomp-8.5.0-4.el8_5.x86_64 and libgomp-8.3.1-4.5.el8.x86_64
      - package gcc-8.3.1-4.5.el8.x86_64 requires libgomp = 8.3.1-4.5.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package libgomp-8.3.1-4.5.el8.x86_64
      - problem with installed package gcc-8.3.1-4.5.el8.x86_64
     Problem 5: package libsolv-0.7.19-1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with rpm(x86-64) < 4.14.3 provided by rpm-4.14.2-26.el8_1.x86_64
      - package rpm-build-4.14.2-26.el8_1.x86_64 requires rpm = 4.14.2-26.el8_1, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package libsolv-0.7.4-3.el8.x86_64
      - problem with installed package rpm-build-4.14.2-26.el8_1.x86_64
     Problem 6: cannot install both libstdc++-8.5.0-4.el8_5.x86_64 and libstdc++-8.3.1-4.5.el8.x86_64
      - package gcc-c++-8.3.1-4.5.el8.x86_64 requires libstdc++ = 8.3.1-4.5.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package libstdc++-8.3.1-4.5.el8.x86_64
      - problem with installed package gcc-c++-8.3.1-4.5.el8.x86_64
     Problem 7: cannot install both lua-libs-5.3.4-12.el8.x86_64 and lua-libs-5.3.4-11.el8.x86_64
      - package lua-5.3.4-11.el8.x86_64 requires lua-libs = 5.3.4-11.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package lua-libs-5.3.4-11.el8.x86_64
      - problem with installed package lua-5.3.4-11.el8.x86_64
     Problem 8: cannot install both newt-0.52.20-11.el8.x86_64 and newt-0.52.20-9.el8.x86_64
      - package python3-newt-0.52.20-9.el8.x86_64 requires newt(x86-64) = 0.52.20-9.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package newt-0.52.20-9.el8.x86_64
      - problem with installed package python3-newt-0.52.20-9.el8.x86_64
     Problem 9: cannot install both perl-libs-4:5.26.3-420.el8.x86_64 and perl-libs-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64
      - package perl-devel-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64 requires perl-libs(x86-64) = 4:5.26.3-416.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package perl-libs-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64
      - problem with installed package perl-devel-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64
     Problem 10: cannot install both platform-python-3.6.8-41.el8.x86_64 and platform-python-3.6.8-15.1.el8.x86_64
      - package platform-python-devel-3.6.8-15.1.el8.x86_64 requires platform-python = 3.6.8-15.1.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package platform-python-3.6.8-15.1.el8.x86_64
      - problem with installed package platform-python-devel-3.6.8-15.1.el8.x86_64
     Problem 11: cannot install both platform-python-pip-9.0.3-20.el8.noarch and platform-python-pip-9.0.3-15.el8.noarch
      - package python3-pip-9.0.3-15.el8.noarch requires platform-python-pip = 9.0.3-15.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package platform-python-pip-9.0.3-15.el8.noarch
      - problem with installed package python3-pip-9.0.3-15.el8.noarch
     Problem 12: cannot install both python3-gobject-base-3.28.3-2.el8.x86_64 and python3-gobject-base-3.28.3-1.el8.x86_64
      - package python3-gobject-3.28.3-1.el8.x86_64 requires python3-gobject-base(x86-64) = 3.28.3-1.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package python3-gobject-base-3.28.3-1.el8.x86_64
      - problem with installed package python3-gobject-3.28.3-1.el8.x86_64
     Problem 13: package platform-python-devel-3.6.8-15.1.el8.x86_64 requires python3-libs(x86-64) = 3.6.8-15.1.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install both python3-libs-3.6.8-41.el8.x86_64 and python3-libs-3.6.8-15.1.el8.x86_64
      - package python36-devel-3.6.8-2.module+el8.1.0+3334+5cb623d7.x86_64 requires platform-python-devel, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package python3-libs-3.6.8-15.1.el8.x86_64
      - problem with installed package python36-devel-3.6.8-2.module+el8.1.0+3334+5cb623d7.x86_64
     Problem 14: cannot install both dbus-daemon-1:1.12.8-14.el8.x86_64 and dbus-daemon-1:1.12.8-9.el8.x86_64
      - package dbus-x11-1:1.12.8-9.el8.x86_64 requires dbus-daemon = 1:1.12.8-9.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - package dbus-1:1.12.8-14.el8.x86_64 requires dbus-daemon = 1:1.12.8-14.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - package ibus-1.5.19-4.el8.x86_64 requires dbus-x11, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package dbus-1:1.12.8-9.el8.x86_64
      - problem with installed package ibus-1.5.19-4.el8.x86_64
     Problem 15: cannot install both perl-libs-4:5.26.3-420.el8.x86_64 and perl-libs-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64
      - package perl-devel-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64 requires perl-libs(x86-64) = 4:5.26.3-416.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - package perl-Errno-1.28-420.el8.x86_64 requires perl-libs(x86-64) = 4:5.26.3-420.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - package perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder-1:0.280230-2.el8.noarch requires perl-devel, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package perl-Errno-1.28-416.el8.x86_64
      - problem with installed package perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder-1:0.280230-2.el8.noarch
     Problem 16: cannot install both perl-libs-4:5.26.3-420.el8.x86_64 and perl-libs-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64
      - package perl-devel-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64 requires perl-libs(x86-64) = 4:5.26.3-416.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - package perl-interpreter-4:5.26.3-420.el8.x86_64 requires perl-libs(x86-64) = 4:5.26.3-420.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - package perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker-1:7.34-1.el8.noarch requires perl-devel, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package perl-interpreter-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64
      - problem with installed package perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker-1:7.34-1.el8.noarch
     Problem 17: package dbus-x11-1:1.12.8-9.el8.x86_64 requires dbus-daemon = 1:1.12.8-9.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - package dbus-daemon-1:1.12.8-9.el8.x86_64 requires dbus-common = 1:1.12.8-9.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - package ibus-1.5.19-4.el8.x86_64 requires dbus-x11, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install both dbus-common-1:1.12.8-14.el8.noarch and dbus-common-1:1.12.8-9.el8.noarch
      - package ibus-libpinyin-1.10.0-1.el8.x86_64 requires ibus >= 1.5.11, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package dbus-common-1:1.12.8-9.el8.noarch
      - problem with installed package ibus-libpinyin-1.10.0-1.el8.x86_64
     Problem 18: package dbus-x11-1:1.12.8-9.el8.x86_64 requires dbus-daemon = 1:1.12.8-9.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - package dbus-daemon-1:1.12.8-9.el8.x86_64 requires dbus-libs(x86-64) = 1:1.12.8-9.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - package ibus-1.5.19-4.el8.x86_64 requires dbus-x11, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install both dbus-libs-1:1.12.8-14.el8.x86_64 and dbus-libs-1:1.12.8-9.el8.x86_64
      - package ibus-setup-1.5.19-4.el8.noarch requires ibus = 1.5.19-4.el8, but none of the providers can be installed
      - cannot install the best update candidate for package dbus-libs-1:1.12.8-9.el8.x86_64
      - problem with installed package ibus-setup-1.5.19-4.el8.noarch
    (try to add '--allowerasing' to command line to replace conflicting packages or '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages)
    
  • solution

    $ sudo dnf repolist
    repo id                                       repo name
    baseos                                        CentOS Linux 8 - BaseOS
    epel                                          Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64
    extras                                        CentOS Linux 8 - Extras
    jfrog-cli                                     jfrog-cli
    mono-centos8-stable                           mono-centos8-stable
    $ sudo dnf update --refresh --allowerasing
    $ sudo dnf distro-sync -y
    
    # or
    $ sudo dnf remove $(dnf repoquery --duplicated --latest-limit -1 -q)
    
    # show duplicate packages
    $ dnf repoquery --duplicated
    

File "/usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down", line 28

  • error

    File "/usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down", line 28
    except OSError, e:
                  ^
    
  • solution

    $ sudo update-alternatives --remove python /usr/bin/python3
    $ realpath /usr/bin/python
    /usr/bin/python2.7
    
  • or

    $ sudo update-alternatives --config python
    
    There are 3 programs which provide 'python'.
    
      Selection    Command
    -----------------------------------------------
    *+ 1           /usr/bin/python3
       2           /usr/bin/python2.7
       3           /usr/bin/python2
    
    Enter to keep the current selection[+], or type selection number: 3
    
  • reason

    $ ls -l /usr/bin/python*
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    24 Jul 10 02:29 /usr/bin/python -> /etc/alternatives/python
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     9 Dec  6  2018 /usr/bin/python2 -> python2.7
    -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  7216 Oct 30  2018 /usr/bin/python2.7
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     9 Mar  7  2019 /usr/bin/python3 -> python3.4
    -rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 11392 Feb  5  2019 /usr/bin/python3.4
    -rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 11392 Feb  5  2019 /usr/bin/python3.4m
    
    $ ls -altrh /etc/alternatives/python
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Jul 10 02:29 /etc/alternatives/python -> /usr/bin/python3
    

centos eol

[!NOTE|label:references:]

$ cat CentOS-Stream-BaseOS.repo
[baseos]
name=CentOS Stream $releasever - BaseOS
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$stream&arch=$basearch&repo=BaseOS&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir/$stream/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
baseurl=http://vault.centos.org/$contentdir/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

$ cat CentOS-Stream-AppStream.repo
[appstream]
name=CentOS Stream $releasever - AppStream
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$stream&arch=$basearch&repo=AppStream&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir/$stream/AppStream/$basearch/os/
baseurl=http://vault.centos.org/$contentdir/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
  • solution for gpg key issue

    # -- This downloads the Stream repo files.
    $ sudo dnf install centos-release-stream -y --disablerepo=* --enablerepo='extras'
    
    # -- Enabling Stream-* allows you to download the latest gpg key
    $ sudo dnf swap centos-{linux,stream}-repos -y --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=extras,Stream-*
    
    # -- Only necessary if you're using epel repos
    $ sudo dnf config-manager --set-enabled powertools
    
    $ sudo dnf distro-sync -y
    $ sudo reboot
    
    # -- Not all packages are upgradeable during the distro-sync. I had 28 packages on one server, including gcc-c++, gcc-fortran, and mysql-server
    $ sudo dnf upgrade -y
    
    # -- Optional. There's no need to keep these files, but if you don't mind your directory being messy, you can leave them.
    $ sudo rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/*rpmsave
    
    # -- Optional. The *.repo.rpmnew files have $releasever in the Name directive, so this is just to keep the display names consistent across repos and servers (if you build new Stream systems, they'll have $releasever in the display name); the actual repo names are the same in both files.
    $ ls *rpmnew | awk -F '.' '{ print $1 }' | while read -r REPO ; do /usr/bin/cp  $REPO.repo.rpmnew $REPO.repo ; done
    
    • or
      $ curl https://vault.centos.org/8.5.2111/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/centos-gpg-keys-8-3.el8.noarch.rpm -o centos-gpg-keys-8-3.el8.noarch.rpm
      $ sudo rpm -i centos-gpg-keys-8-3.el8.noarch.rpm
      $ sudo dnf --disablerepo '*' --enablerepo=extras swap centos-linux-repos centos-stream-repos
      $ sudo dnf distro-sync
      

CentOS 8 -> CentOS 9

[!NOTE|label:references:]

$ sudo yum upgrade
$ sudo reboot
$ sudo dnf install epel-release
$ sudo dnf install rpmconf
$ sudo dnf install yum-utils
$ sudo rpmconf -a  # answer "n" to both things
$ sudo package-cleanup --leaves
$ sudo package-cleanup --orphans
$ dnf install http://mirror.stream.centos.org/9-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/centos-stream-repos-9.0-9.el9.noarch.rpm \
              http://mirror.stream.centos.org/9-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/centos-stream-release-9.0-9.el9.noarch.rpm \
              http://mirror.stream.centos.org/9-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/centos-gpg-keys-9.0-9.el9.noarch.rpm
$ sudo curl -O https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-9.noarch.rpm
$ sudo curl -O https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-next-release-latest-9.noarch.rpm
$ sudo rpm -Uvh *.rpm
$ sudo yum update
$ sudo dnf clean all
$ sudo rpm -e `rpm -q kernel`
$ sudo dnf -y --releasever=9 --allowerasing --setopt=deltarpm=false distro-sync
$ sudo dnf clean all
$ sudo reboot
$ sudo rm -f /var/lib/rpm/__db*
$ sudo rpm --rebuilddb
$ sudo dnf -y groupupdate "Core" "Minimal Install"

snap

[!NOTE|label:references:]

# online machine
$ snap download curl
Fetching snap "curl"
2024/01/05 21:58:46.632267 store_download.go:142: no host system xdelta3 available to use deltas
Fetching assertions for "curl"
Install the snap with:
   snap ack curl_1754.assert
   snap install curl_1754.snap

$ scp curl_1754* account@offline.server.com:~/snap

# offline machine
$ sudo snap ack curl_1754.assert
$ sudo snap install curl_1754.snap
curl 8.1.2 from Wouter van Bommel (woutervb) installed

$ curl --version
curl 8.1.2 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) libcurl/8.1.2 OpenSSL/1.1.1f zlib/1.2.11 brotli/1.0.7 zstd/1.4.4 libidn2/2.2.0 libpsl/0.21.0 (+libidn2/2.2.0) libssh/0.9.3/openssl/zlib nghttp2/1.40.0 librtmp/2.3 libgsasl/1.8.1
Release-Date: 2023-05-30
Protocols: dict file ftp ftps gopher gophers http https imap imaps ldap ldaps mqtt pop3 pop3s rtmp rtsp scp sftp smb smbs smtp smtps telnet tftp
Features: alt-svc AsynchDNS brotli gsasl GSS-API HSTS HTTP2 HTTPS-proxy IDN IPv6 Kerberos Largefile libz NTLM NTLM_WB PSL SPNEGO SSL threadsafe TLS-SRP UnixSockets zstd
Copyright © marslo 2020-2023 all right reserved,powered by GitbookLast Modified: 2024-03-22 12:21:38

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